A chemical sunscreen agent that absorbs UVA rays. It can be photounstable when not formulated with stabilizers.
Usually helps with
Broad-spectrum UVA protection
Watch for
Can degrade without proper formulation
A chemical sunscreen agent that absorbs UVB rays. Concerns exist regarding its potential endocrine-disrupting properties.
Usually helps with
UVB protection
Watch for
Potential for skin irritation or hormonal effects
A chemical sunscreen agent that absorbs UVB rays. It is generally considered safe and effective.
Usually helps with
UVB protection
Watch for
Minimal concerns
A chemical sunscreen agent that absorbs UVB and some UVA rays. It can be a skin irritant for some and has environmental concerns.
Usually helps with
UVB and some UVA protection
Watch for
Potential for skin irritation, environmental impact
The base solvent for most skincare formulations.
Usually helps with
Dissolving other ingredients
Emollient/Occlusive
Dimethicone
A silicone that creates a smooth feel and forms a protective barrier on the skin, preventing moisture loss.
Usually helps with
Smoothing skin, preventing water loss
Watch for
Can feel heavy for some
A powerful humectant that draws water into the skin, keeping it hydrated and soft.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Solvent/Humectant
Dipropylene Glycol
A solvent and humectant that can help other ingredients penetrate the skin and also attract moisture.
Usually helps with
Improving texture, hydration
Watch for
Can be irritating in high concentrations
Film Former/Texture Enhancer
Polymethylsilsesquioxane
A silicone derivative that provides a smooth, matte finish and helps to blur the appearance of pores and fine lines.
Usually helps with
Improving texture, mattifying
Emollient
Argania Spinosa Kernel Oil
A rich oil known for its moisturizing and antioxidant properties, containing fatty acids and vitamin E.
Usually helps with
Nourishing, moisturizing
Watch for
Can be comedogenic for some acne-prone skin
Antioxidant
Tocopheryl Acetate
A form of Vitamin E that helps protect the skin from free radical damage.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection
Emulsifier/Texture Enhancer
Dimethicone/PEG-15/Lauryl Dimethicone Crosspolymer
A silicone-based ingredient that helps to create a smooth texture and can improve the spreadability of the product.
Usually helps with
Texture, spreadability
Preservative
Phenoxyethanol
A common preservative used to prevent microbial growth in cosmetic products.
Usually helps with
Product preservation
Watch for
Can be irritating for sensitive skin
Mineral Sunscreen Agent/Pigment
Titanium Dioxide/CI 77891
A mineral UV filter that provides broad-spectrum protection. It also acts as a white pigment.
Usually helps with
Broad-spectrum UV protection, opacity
Watch for
Can leave a white cast if not properly formulated or blended
Emulsifier/Conditioning Agent
Lauryl PEG-9 Polydimethylsiloxyethyl Dimethicone
A silicone derivative that helps to emulsify and condition the skin, providing a smooth feel.
Usually helps with
Emulsifying, skin conditioning
Humectant
Saccharide Isomerate
A plant-derived ingredient that binds to skin cells and provides long-lasting hydration.
Usually helps with
Deep hydration
Solvent/Emollient
Isododecane
A solvent that can help with product spreadability and provides a lightweight, non-greasy feel.
Usually helps with
Lightweight feel, spreadability
Watch for
Can be drying for some
Humectant
Methyl Gluceth-20
A derivative of glucose that acts as a humectant, attracting and retaining moisture.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Emollient
Coco-Caprylate/Caprate
A derivative of coconut oil and caprylic acid that provides a light, non-greasy emollience.
Usually helps with
Lightweight moisturizing
A component of chamomile oil known for its anti-inflammatory and soothing properties.
Usually helps with
Calming skin, reducing redness
Viscosity Adjuster
Sodium Chloride
Salt, used here to adjust the thickness of the formula.
Usually helps with
Formula texture
Humectant
Sodium Hyaluronate
The salt form of hyaluronic acid, a powerful humectant that attracts and holds moisture in the skin.
Usually helps with
Intense hydration
Emulsifier/Texture Enhancer
PEG-15/Lauryl Dimethicone Crosspolymer
A silicone-based ingredient that helps to create a smooth texture and improve the spreadability of the product.
Usually helps with
Texture, spreadability
A component of the skin's natural moisturizing factor (NMF), it helps to attract and bind moisture to the skin.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Emulsifier
Polyglyceryl-6 Polyricinoleate
A natural emulsifier derived from castor oil, used to blend oil and water ingredients.
Usually helps with
Emulsifying
Emulsifier/Dispersant
Polyhydroxystearic Acid
An emulsifier that helps to disperse mineral sunscreen particles evenly and can improve texture.
Usually helps with
Dispersing pigments, texture
Pigment
Iron Oxides/CI 77492
Mineral pigments used to provide color and tint to the product.
Usually helps with
Coloring
Pigment
Iron Oxides/CI 77491
Mineral pigments used to provide color and tint to the product.
Usually helps with
Coloring
Pigment
Iron Oxides/CI 77499
Mineral pigments used to provide color and tint to the product.
Usually helps with
Coloring
Skin Conditioning Agent
Yeast Extract
Contains amino acids and peptides that can help to condition and support the skin.
Usually helps with
Skin conditioning
Emollient/Film Former
Dilinoleic Acid/Butanediol Copolymer
A synthetic polymer that can provide emollience and help form a light film on the skin.
Usually helps with
Emollience, texture
Emulsifier
Disodium Stearoyl Glutamate
An emulsifier that helps to create stable emulsions in cosmetic formulations.
Usually helps with
Emulsifying
Emollient/Solvent
Trisiloxane
A silicone that provides a light, non-greasy feel and can help with product spreadability.
Usually helps with
Lightweight feel, spreadability
Humectant/Solvent
Propylene Glycol
A common humectant and solvent that can help ingredients penetrate the skin and attract moisture.
Usually helps with
Hydration, penetration enhancement
Watch for
Can be irritating for sensitive skin
An emulsifier that helps to blend oil and water ingredients. Can be ethoxylated.
Usually helps with
Emulsifying
Watch for
Potential for irritation
Preservative
Potassium Sorbate
A salt of sorbic acid, used as a preservative to prevent the growth of mold and yeast.
Usually helps with
Product preservation
Watch for
Generally well-tolerated
Preservative
Sodium Benzoate
A salt of benzoic acid, used as a preservative to prevent the growth of bacteria, yeast, and mold.
Usually helps with
Product preservation
Watch for
Can cause reactions in sensitive individuals
Film Former
Castor Oil/IPDI Copolymer
A polymer derived from castor oil that can form a flexible film on the skin.
Usually helps with
Film forming
Buffering Agent
Sodium Citrate
A salt of citric acid used to adjust the pH of the product.
Usually helps with
pH adjustment
Buffering Agent/Exfoliant
Citric Acid
An alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) used to adjust pH. In higher concentrations, it can exfoliate.
Usually helps with
pH adjustment, mild exfoliation
Watch for
Can cause irritation at high concentrations
Emollient/Emulsifier
Cetyl Alcohol
A fatty alcohol that acts as an emollient and emulsifier, helping to soften and smooth the skin.
Usually helps with
Softening skin, emulsifying
Preservative Booster/Emollient
Ethylhexylglycerin
A preservative booster and skin conditioning agent that can also enhance the efficacy of other preservatives.
Usually helps with
Preservation, skin conditioning
Watch for
Generally well-tolerated
Skin Conditioning Agent
Saccharomyces/Magnesium Ferment
A fermented ingredient that can help to condition and support the skin.
Usually helps with
Skin conditioning
Antioxidant/Skin Conditioning Agent
Sambucus Nigra Fruit Extract
Elderberry extract, rich in antioxidants and known for its skin-conditioning properties.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection, skin conditioning
Emollient/Emulsifier
Behenic Acid
A fatty acid that acts as an emollient and emulsifier, helping to soften and smooth the skin.
Usually helps with
Softening skin, emulsifying
Skin Replenisher
Ceramide NP
A type of lipid that is a key component of the skin's barrier function, helping to retain moisture.
Usually helps with
Barrier repair, hydration
Emollient/Skin Replenisher
Cholesterol
A fatty alcohol that helps to support the skin's barrier function and improve moisture retention.
Usually helps with
Barrier support, hydration
Skin Replenisher
Ceramide NS
A type of ceramide that helps to maintain the skin's barrier function and prevent water loss.
Usually helps with
Barrier repair, hydration
Skin Conditioning Agent
Saccharomyces/Iron Ferment
A fermented ingredient containing iron, which can help to condition and support the skin.
Usually helps with
Skin conditioning
Skin Conditioning Agent
Saccharomyces/Copper Ferment
A fermented ingredient containing copper, which can help to condition and support the skin.
Usually helps with
Skin conditioning
Skin Conditioning Agent
Saccharomyces/Silicon Ferment
A fermented ingredient containing silicon, which can help to condition and support the skin.
Usually helps with
Skin conditioning
Skin Conditioning Agent
Saccharomyces/Zinc Ferment
A fermented ingredient containing zinc, which can help to condition and support the skin.
Usually helps with
Skin conditioning
Humectant/Solvent
Butylene Glycol
A humectant and solvent that helps to improve product texture and can enhance ingredient penetration.
Usually helps with
Hydration, texture enhancement
Watch for
Can be irritating for sensitive skin
Skin Replenisher
Ceramide AP
A type of ceramide that helps to reinforce the skin's barrier and improve moisture retention.
Usually helps with
Barrier repair, hydration
Skin Replenisher
Ceramide EOP
A type of ceramide that is crucial for maintaining the skin's barrier function and preventing water loss.
Usually helps with
Barrier repair, hydration
Skin Replenisher
Ceramide EOS
A type of ceramide that works with cholesterol and fatty acids to maintain skin barrier integrity.
Usually helps with
Barrier repair, hydration
Vitamin E, a potent antioxidant that helps protect the skin from environmental damage.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection
Antioxidant/Soothing Agent
Olea Europaea (Olive) Leaf Extract
Olive leaf extract contains antioxidants and has soothing properties.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection, calming skin
Skin Replenisher
Caprooyl Phytosphingosine
A synthetic ceramide precursor that helps to restore the skin's barrier function.
Usually helps with
Barrier repair, hydration
Skin Replenisher
Caprooyl Sphingosine
A synthetic ceramide that helps to reinforce the skin's natural barrier.
Usually helps with
Barrier repair, hydration
Formula support
Dimethicone/PEG-10/15 Crosspolymer
Included in the source ingredient list. Glass treats this as part of the supporting formula unless it overlaps with a known active, preservative, or fragrance flag.
Usually helps with
Formula completeness and routine context
Watch for
Personal sensitivity, especially if your skin is reactive or the ingredient overlaps with other products in your routine
Included in the source ingredient list. Glass treats this as part of the supporting formula unless it overlaps with a known active, preservative, or fragrance flag.
Usually helps with
Formula completeness and routine context
Watch for
Personal sensitivity, especially if your skin is reactive or the ingredient overlaps with other products in your routine