The base of the formulation, dissolving other ingredients.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Emollient
BUTYROSPERMUM PARKII BUTTER / SHEA BUTTER
A rich butter that moisturizes and softens the skin, helping to prevent dryness.
Usually helps with
Dry skin, barrier support
Watch for
Can be heavy for very oily skin
Attracts moisture to the skin, helping to keep it hydrated.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Watch for
Generally well-tolerated
Emollient
TRIDECYL STEARATE
Helps to soften and smooth the skin.
Usually helps with
Dryness, texture improvement
Emulsifier
PEG-30 DIPOLYHYDROXYSTEARATE
Helps to mix oil and water ingredients, creating a stable emulsion.
Usually helps with
Formulation stability
Watch for
Some individuals may be sensitive to PEGs
Emollient
ISODECYL SALICYLATE
A skin-conditioning agent that can also offer mild exfoliation.
Usually helps with
Softening skin
Watch for
Potential for irritation in sensitive individuals
Emollient
TRIDECYL TRIMELLITATE
Provides a smooth feel and helps to condition the skin.
Usually helps with
Texture, skin conditioning
Emollient
PERSEA GRATISSIMA OIL / AVOCADO OIL
Rich in fatty acids, it deeply moisturizes and nourishes the skin.
Usually helps with
Dryness, nourishment
Watch for
Can be heavy for very oily skin
Emollient
ISOCETYL STEAROYL STEARATE
Conditions and softens the skin.
Usually helps with
Softening, conditioning
Humectant
PROPYLENE GLYCOL
Helps to draw moisture into the skin.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Watch for
Can cause irritation for some sensitive skin types
Emollient
DIPENTAERYTHRITYL HEXACAPRYLATE/HEXACAPRATE
A conditioning agent that helps to soften and smooth the skin.
Usually helps with
Skin conditioning
Emulsifier
SORBITAN SESQUIOLEATE
Helps to stabilize the product's texture.
Usually helps with
Formulation stability
Viscosity controlling agent
MAGNESIUM SULFATE
Helps to control the thickness of the product.
Usually helps with
Product texture
Emollient
HYDROGENATED CASTOR OIL
Conditions and softens the skin.
Usually helps with
Skin conditioning
A component of the skin's natural moisturizing factor, it helps to attract and retain moisture.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Watch for
Generally well-tolerated
Preservative
PHENOXYETHANOL
A common preservative used to prevent microbial growth in cosmetic products.
Usually helps with
Product preservation
Watch for
Can cause allergic reactions in some individuals
Preservative
CHLORPHENESIN
A preservative that helps to keep the product safe from contamination.
Usually helps with
Product preservation
Watch for
Can cause skin irritation for some
Emollient
HYDROGENATED JOJOBA OIL
Conditions and softens the skin, mimicking natural sebum.
Usually helps with
Skin conditioning
Fragrance ingredient
P-ANISIC ACID
A naturally occurring compound that can add a scent to products or act as a preservative.
Usually helps with
Fragrance
Watch for
Potential for sensitivity
Antioxidant
TOCOPHERYL ACETATE
A form of Vitamin E that provides antioxidant protection.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection
Watch for
Generally well-tolerated
Emollient
ISOPROPYL PALMITATE
A fatty acid ester that softens and smooths the skin, but can be comedogenic for some.
Usually helps with
Softening skin
Watch for
Can clog pores for acne-prone individuals
Chelating agent
DISODIUM EDTA
Helps to improve the stability and performance of the product by binding to metal ions.
Usually helps with
Product stability
Skin conditioning agent
COPPER PCA
A derivative of PCA and copper, it is thought to have skin-conditioning properties.
Usually helps with
Skin conditioning
Watch for
Limited research on topical benefits
Emollient
HELIANTHUS ANNUUS SEED OIL / SUNFLOWER SEED OIL
Rich in linoleic acid, it helps to maintain the skin's barrier function and reduce moisture loss.
Usually helps with
Dryness, barrier support
Colorant
CI 40800 / BETA-CAROTENE
A pigment that gives the product its color and also acts as an antioxidant.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant properties, color
Used to adjust the pH of the product for optimal performance and stability.
Usually helps with
Product stability
Watch for
Can cause irritation at high concentrations