The base for many skincare formulations.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Humectant
Propylene Glycol
A common humectant that helps draw moisture to the skin, but can be irritating for some.
Usually helps with
Dry, normal skin
Watch for
Potential for irritation or sensitivity in some individuals.
Solvent
Dimethyl Isosorbide
A solvent that can improve the penetration of other ingredients.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Emulsifier
Polyglyceryl-10 Laurate
A gentle emulsifier derived from plant sources.
Usually helps with
All skin types
A classic humectant that attracts and retains moisture in the skin.
Usually helps with
All skin types
A solvent that aids in the delivery of active ingredients.
Usually helps with
All skin types
An alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) that exfoliates the surface of the skin, hydrates, and helps with cell turnover.
Usually helps with
Dry, normal, combination skin
Watch for
Can increase sun sensitivity; start slowly.
Thickener
Hydroxypropyl Starch Phosphate
A starch derivative used to thicken formulations.
Usually helps with
All skin types
An AHA with a larger molecule size, making it gentler and suitable for sensitive skin, helping with exfoliation and acne.
Usually helps with
Sensitive, acne-prone, combination skin
Watch for
Can increase sun sensitivity; start slowly.
A form of Vitamin A that is a gold standard for anti-aging, texture improvement, and acne treatment. It works by increasing cell turnover and stimulating collagen production.
Usually helps with
Aging, acne-prone, textured skin
Watch for
Can cause irritation, redness, and peeling, especially when first starting. Always use SPF during the day.
A plant-derived ingredient often considered a natural alternative to retinol. It offers antioxidant and anti-aging benefits with less potential for irritation.
Usually helps with
All skin types, especially those sensitive to retinol
Watch for
Generally well-tolerated.
Antioxidant
Nephelium Lappaceum Leaf Extract
An extract from rambutan leaves, rich in antioxidants that help protect the skin from environmental stressors.
Usually helps with
All skin types
A potent antioxidant that helps protect skin from free radical damage and can enhance the stability and efficacy of other antioxidants like Vitamin C and E.
Usually helps with
All skin types
A stable, saturated form of squalene, it's a lightweight, non-comedogenic emollient that mimics the skin's natural oils to hydrate and soften.
Usually helps with
All skin types, including oily and acne-prone
An essential fatty acid that helps support the skin barrier and improve hydration.
Usually helps with
Dry, compromised skin
A beta hydroxy acid (BHA) that is oil-soluble, allowing it to penetrate pores to exfoliate and help clear congestion and blemishes.
Usually helps with
Oily, acne-prone, combination skin
Watch for
Can be drying; may increase sun sensitivity.
Soothing Agent
Salix Alba (Willow) Bark Extract
A natural source of salicylates, it has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that can help soothe the skin.
Usually helps with
All skin types, especially sensitive or irritated
Essential components of skin cell membranes, they help to maintain the skin barrier and improve hydration.
Usually helps with
All skin types, especially dry or compromised
Antioxidant
Soy Isoflavones
Plant-derived compounds with antioxidant properties that can help protect the skin from environmental damage.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Watch for
Some individuals may have sensitivities.
Humectant
Sodium Hyaluronate
The salt form of hyaluronic acid, it's a powerful humectant that attracts and holds water in the skin, providing hydration.
Usually helps with
All skin types, especially dehydrated
Humectant
Saccharide Isomerate
A carbohydrate complex that binds to skin cells to provide long-lasting hydration.
Usually helps with
All skin types, especially dry
Also known as CoQ10, it's a naturally occurring antioxidant that helps protect cells from damage and supports skin energy.
Usually helps with
All skin types
A component of the skin's natural moisturizing factor (NMF), it helps to attract and bind moisture to the skin.
Usually helps with
All skin types, especially dry
Brightening Agent
Hexylresorcinol
A skin-brightening ingredient that inhibits tyrosinase, helping to reduce the appearance of dark spots and even skin tone.
Usually helps with
Hyperpigmentation, uneven tone
Watch for
Can be irritating for some; start slowly.
A flavonoid found in many plants, it has potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
Usually helps with
All skin types
A naturally occurring compound that can help soothe and improve the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles.
Usually helps with
All skin types, especially aging
Brightening Agent
Morus Alba Bark Extract
An extract from the white mulberry tree, known for its skin-brightening properties that can help reduce hyperpigmentation.
Usually helps with
Uneven tone, dark spots
A provitamin of B5, it hydrates, soothes, and helps to improve skin barrier function.
Usually helps with
All skin types, especially dry or irritated
An AHA that effectively exfoliates the skin's surface, improving texture, tone, and reducing the appearance of fine lines.
Usually helps with
Normal, combination, aging skin
Watch for
Can increase sun sensitivity; start slowly.
A polysaccharide used as a texturizer or thickener in formulations.
Usually helps with
All skin types
A common thickening agent derived from fermentation.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Preservative
Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate
A natural preservative derived from fermented radish root, offering antimicrobial properties.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Emollient
Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride
A derivative of coconut oil and glycerin, it's a lightweight emollient that replenishes skin.
Usually helps with
All skin types
pH Adjuster
Potassium Hydroxide
Used to adjust the pH of a formulation.
Usually helps with
All skin types
A synthetic emulsifier and solubilizer. Can be a skin irritant for some.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Watch for
Potential for irritation in sensitive individuals.
Chelating Agent
Sodium Phytate
Derived from phytic acid, it helps to improve the stability and efficacy of the formulation by binding to metal ions.
Usually helps with
All skin types
An alpha hydroxy acid used to adjust pH and provide mild exfoliation.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Watch for
Can increase sun sensitivity; start slowly.
pH Adjuster
Sodium Citrate
The salt form of citric acid, used to adjust pH.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Preservative
Phenoxyethanol
A common preservative used to prevent microbial growth in cosmetics.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Watch for
Can be irritating for some sensitive individuals.
Preservative
Sodium Benzoate
A common preservative that inhibits the growth of bacteria and fungi.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Preservative
Potassium Sorbate
A preservative that prevents the growth of mold, yeast, and fungi.
Usually helps with
All skin types