The base of the formula, dissolving other ingredients.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Draws moisture to the skin, keeping it hydrated and soft.
Usually helps with
Hydration
A plant-derived emollient that softens and smooths the skin.
Usually helps with
Softening skin
Humectant
Methylpropanediol
A solvent and humectant that can help improve product texture and skin hydration.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Watch for
Can be a penetration enhancer
Antioxidant
Lactobacillus/Portulaca Oleracea Ferment Extract
Fermented purslane extract, known for its soothing and antioxidant properties.
Usually helps with
Soothing, antioxidant protection
Can help absorb excess oil and provide a mattifying effect.
Usually helps with
Oil control
Watch for
Can be drying if overused
A common humectant that helps attract and retain moisture.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Emollient
Brassica Campestris (Rapeseed) Sterols
Plant-derived sterols that help condition and soften the skin.
Usually helps with
Skin conditioning
Emollient
Dicaprylyl Ether
A light emollient that improves skin feel and spreadability.
Usually helps with
Skin feel
Emollient
Hydrogenated Vegetable Glycerides
Plant-derived emollients that help soften and smooth the skin.
Usually helps with
Softening skin
Emollient
Limnanthes Alba (Meadowfoam) Seed Oil
A rich emollient oil known for its moisturizing and skin-conditioning properties.
Usually helps with
Moisturizing
Antioxidant
Tocopheryl Acetate
A form of Vitamin E that provides antioxidant protection against free radicals.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection
Watch for
Can be irritating for some
A silicone that forms a barrier on the skin, preventing moisture loss and providing a smooth feel.
Usually helps with
Occlusion, smooth feel
Watch for
Can feel heavy for some; non-comedogenic for most
Pro-vitamin B5, it hydrates, soothes, and helps improve skin barrier function.
Usually helps with
Hydration, soothing
Preservative
Phenoxyethanol
A common preservative used to prevent microbial growth in cosmetics.
Usually helps with
Product preservation
Watch for
Can be irritating for sensitive skin
Emulsifier
Potassium Cetyl Phosphate
An emulsifier that helps blend oil and water ingredients.
Usually helps with
Formulation stability
Opacifying Agent
Sodium Potassium Aluminum Silicate
Used to make the product opaque and can have a mattifying effect.
Usually helps with
Texture, mattifying
Emollient
Cetearyl Alcohol
A fatty alcohol that acts as an emollient and emulsifier, softening and smoothing the skin.
Usually helps with
Softening skin
Emollient
Hydrogenated Palm Glycerides
Emollients derived from palm oil that help soften and smooth the skin.
Usually helps with
Softening skin
Emollients derived from coconut oil that moisturize and soften the skin.
Usually helps with
Moisturizing
A thickening agent used to create gel-like textures.
Usually helps with
Product texture
Can be used as a solvent, but in higher concentrations can be drying and irritating.
Usually helps with
Solvent
Watch for
Potential for dryness and irritation
A natural thickening agent that improves product texture and stability.
Usually helps with
Product texture
Preservative
Ethylhexylglycerin
A preservative and skin-conditioning agent that can enhance the efficacy of other preservatives.
Usually helps with
Product preservation
Watch for
Generally well-tolerated
A natural emulsifier that helps blend oil and water, and can also have skin-conditioning properties.
Usually helps with
Emulsification, skin conditioning
Antioxidant
Panax Ginseng Root Extract
Known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, it can help protect skin from environmental stressors.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection, anti-inflammatory
Chelating Agent
Disodium EDTA
Helps to improve the stability and efficacy of the product by binding to metal ions.
Usually helps with
Product stability
Humectant
Sodium Hyaluronate
A form of hyaluronic acid that attracts and retains moisture, plumping the skin.
Usually helps with
Hydration
pH Adjuster
Sodium Hydroxide
Used to adjust the pH of the product to ensure optimal performance and stability.
Usually helps with
pH balance
Watch for
Can be irritating in high concentrations
Emollient
Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride
A lightweight emollient derived from coconut oil and glycerin that softens and replenishes skin.
Usually helps with
Moisturizing
Antioxidant
Alteromonas Ferment Extract
A marine-derived ingredient with potential anti-aging and soothing benefits.
Usually helps with
Soothing, anti-aging
Humectant
Biosaccharide Gum-1
A plant-derived polysaccharide that hydrates and soothes the skin.
Usually helps with
Hydration, soothing
Antioxidant
Leuconostoc/Radish Root Ferment Filtrate
A fermented ingredient with potential antioxidant and skin-conditioning benefits.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant, skin conditioning
A derivative of panthenol that helps to moisturize the skin.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Brightening Agent
Lepidium Sativum Sprout Extract
Extract from cress sprouts, known for its ability to inhibit melanin production and brighten skin.
Usually helps with
Brightening, dark spots
Antioxidant
Soy Isoflavones
Plant-derived compounds with antioxidant properties that may help with skin aging.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection
Watch for
Potential for hormonal effects in high doses
Antioxidant
Ascorbyl Palmitate
A fat-soluble form of Vitamin C that provides antioxidant benefits.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection
Watch for
Less potent than L-Ascorbic Acid
An alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) used to exfoliate the skin and adjust pH.
Usually helps with
Exfoliation, pH adjustment
Watch for
Can increase sun sensitivity; potential for irritation
Pure Vitamin C, a potent antioxidant that brightens skin and supports collagen production.
Usually helps with
Brightening, antioxidant
Watch for
Can be unstable and irritating for some
Colorant
Iron Oxides (CI 77491)
Mineral pigments used to provide color to the product.
Colorant
Titanium Dioxide (CI 77891)
A mineral pigment used to provide color and opacity.