The base of the formulation, providing hydration.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Draws moisture into the skin, keeping it hydrated and supple.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Humectant/Solvent
Propanediol
Enhances skin hydration and improves the texture of the product.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Humectant/Solvent
Dipropylene Glycol
Helps to retain moisture and can improve product feel.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Watch for
Can be a mild irritant for some.
Emollient
Hydrogenated Polydecene
Softens and smooths the skin, improving its texture.
Usually helps with
Soothing, Smoothing
Emollient
Triethylhexanoin
A skin-conditioning agent that helps to soften and smooth the skin.
Usually helps with
Soothing, Smoothing
Emollient
Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride
Derived from coconut oil and glycerin, it replenishes skin and helps to reduce moisture loss.
Usually helps with
Moisture Retention, Smoothing
A form of Vitamin B3 that helps to improve skin barrier function, reduce inflammation, minimize pores, and even skin tone.
Usually helps with
Pore appearance, Uneven tone, Barrier support
Watch for
Can cause temporary flushing or redness in some individuals.
Emollient/Occlusive
Dimethicone
A silicone that forms a protective barrier on the skin, preventing moisture loss and providing a smooth feel.
Usually helps with
Smoothing, Barrier function
Watch for
Can feel heavy on oily skin; some prefer to avoid silicones.
Emulsifier/Emollient
C14-22 Alcohols
Helps to blend oil and water ingredients, and provides emollient properties.
Usually helps with
Texture, Smoothing
Humectant/Preservative Booster
1,2-Hexanediol
A versatile ingredient that hydrates the skin and helps preserve the product.
Usually helps with
Hydration, Preservation
Emollient/Occlusive
Hydrogenated Polyisobutene
Helps to soften and smooth the skin, and can create a protective barrier.
Usually helps with
Smoothing, Moisture retention
Watch for
Can feel occlusive on very oily skin.
Emollient
Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter
A rich emollient known for its moisturizing and skin-conditioning properties.
Usually helps with
Dryness, Smoothing
Humectant
Sodium Hyaluronate Crosspolymer
A form of hyaluronic acid that provides surface hydration and helps to plump the skin.
Usually helps with
Surface hydration, Plumping
Humectant
Hydrolyzed Hyaluronic Acid
Smaller molecules of hyaluronic acid that can penetrate deeper into the skin for hydration.
Usually helps with
Deep hydration, Plumping
A powerful humectant that attracts and holds water, plumping and hydrating the skin.
Usually helps with
Hydration, Plumping
Humectant
Sodium Hyaluronate
A salt form of hyaluronic acid that hydrates and helps to retain moisture.
Usually helps with
Hydration, Moisture retention
A lipid that is naturally found in the skin barrier, helping to restore and maintain its integrity.
Usually helps with
Barrier repair, Moisture retention
Another type of ceramide crucial for maintaining a healthy skin barrier and preventing water loss.
Usually helps with
Barrier repair, Moisture retention
A ceramide that works with cholesterol and fatty acids to form the skin's protective barrier.
Usually helps with
Barrier repair, Moisture retention
Antioxidant/Skin Conditioning
Porphyridium cruentum Extract
A type of red algae known for its antioxidant and skin-conditioning properties.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection, Skin conditioning
Antioxidant/Skin Conditioning
Hylocereus Undatus Fruit Extract
Extract from dragon fruit, rich in antioxidants and vitamins that can benefit the skin.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection, Brightening
Antioxidant/Skin Conditioning
Mangifera Indica (Mango) Fruit Extract
Contains vitamins and antioxidants that can help nourish and protect the skin.
Usually helps with
Nourishing, Antioxidant protection
Emollient/Skin Conditioning
Persea Gratissima (Avocado) Fruit Extract
Rich in fatty acids and vitamins, it moisturizes and nourishes the skin.
Usually helps with
Moisturizing, Nourishing
Antioxidant/Skin Conditioning
Psidium Guajava (Guava) Fruit Extract
A source of Vitamin C and antioxidants, known for its brightening and protective properties.
Usually helps with
Brightening, Antioxidant protection
Antioxidant/Skin Conditioning
Prunus Domestica Fruit Extract
Plum extract, rich in antioxidants that help protect the skin.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection
Antioxidant/Skin Conditioning
Annona Muricata Fruit Extract
Extract from soursop, containing antioxidants that can help protect the skin.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection
Antioxidant
Euterpe Oleracea (Açaí) Fruit Extract
Rich in antioxidants, it helps to protect the skin from environmental damage.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection
Humectant/Exfoliant
Tamarindus Indica (Tamarind) Extract
Contains natural AHAs that can help to gently exfoliate and hydrate the skin.
Usually helps with
Exfoliation, Hydration
Watch for
Can be mildly acidic; potential for irritation if skin is sensitive.
Antioxidant/Fragrance
Raspberry Ketone
A compound found in raspberries, used for its antioxidant properties and scent.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection
Watch for
Can be a skin irritant for some; contributes to fragrance.
Film Former/Humectant
Pullulan
A polysaccharide that can form a film on the skin, providing a tightening effect and hydration.
Usually helps with
Firming, Hydration
A simple sugar that helps to attract and retain moisture.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Emollient/Skin Conditioning
Cholesterol
A lipid that is a natural component of the skin barrier, helping to reinforce it and prevent water loss.
Usually helps with
Barrier repair, Moisture retention
Antioxidant
Tocopheryl Acetate
A stable form of Vitamin E, it acts as an antioxidant to protect the skin from free radical damage.
Usually helps with
Antioxidant protection
Watch for
Can be comedogenic for some acne-prone individuals.
Preservative Booster/Skin Conditioning
Ethylhexylglycerin
Enhances the effectiveness of preservatives and has skin-conditioning properties.
Usually helps with
Preservation, Skin conditioning
Watch for
Can be a mild skin irritant for some.
Emulsifier
Sorbitan Oleate
Helps to stabilize oil and water phases in the formulation.
Usually helps with
Texture
Watch for
Can be a mild irritant for some.
Emulsifier/Emollient
Glyceryl Stearate
Helps to emulsify ingredients and provides emollient properties.
Usually helps with
Texture, Smoothing
Emulsifier
C12-20 Alkyl Glucoside
A gentle emulsifier derived from plant sugars and fatty alcohols.
Usually helps with
Texture
Thickener/Film Former
Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose
Used to thicken the product and can form a light film on the skin.
Usually helps with
Texture
Thickener/Emulsifier
Ammonium Acryloyldimethyltaurate/VP Copolymer
A synthetic polymer used to thicken formulations and stabilize emulsions.
Usually helps with
Texture
Emulsifier
Sodium Lauroyl Lactylate
A gentle emulsifier derived from lactic acid and lauric acid.
Usually helps with
Texture
Emulsifier
PEG-100 Stearate
A common emulsifier that helps to blend oil and water ingredients.
Usually helps with
Texture
Watch for
Can be derived from ethoxylated ingredients, which raises concerns for some users.
A gelling agent used to thicken the product and improve its texture.
Usually helps with
Texture
Watch for
Can be irritating in high concentrations.
Silicone Elastomer
Dimethicone/Vinyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer
Provides a smooth, velvety feel and can help to blur the appearance of pores and fine lines.
Usually helps with
Smoothing, Pore blurring
Watch for
Silicone-based, may not be preferred by all.
pH Adjuster
Potassium Hydroxide
Used to adjust the pH of the formulation.
Emulsifier/Thickener
Sodium Acrylate/Sodium Acryloyldimethyl Taurate Copolymer
A polymer that helps to stabilize emulsions and thicken the product.
Usually helps with
Texture
A natural gum used to thicken formulations and improve texture.
Usually helps with
Texture
A silicone that provides a smooth feel and can help condition the skin.
Usually helps with
Smoothing, Conditioning
Emollient/Solvent
Isohexadecane
An emollient that provides a light, non-greasy feel and helps to spread the product.
Usually helps with
Smoothing, Lightweight feel
Watch for
Can be occlusive for some skin types.
Humectant
Hydrolyzed Glycosaminoglycans
Helps to attract and retain moisture in the skin.
Usually helps with
Hydration
Preservative
Phenoxyethanol
A common preservative used to prevent microbial growth in cosmetic products.
Usually helps with
Preservation
Watch for
Can be a skin irritant for some individuals.
An emulsifier that helps to mix oil and water ingredients.
Usually helps with
Texture
Watch for
Can be a skin irritant for some; often derived from ethoxylated ingredients.
Preservative/Humectant
Benzyl Glycol
Acts as a preservative and also helps to hydrate the skin.
Usually helps with
Preservation, Hydration
Watch for
Can be a skin irritant for some.
Skin Conditioning
Phytosphingosine
A lipid that is naturally found in the skin, helping to support the skin barrier and reduce inflammation.
Usually helps with
Barrier support, Anti-inflammatory
Formula support
Euterpe Oleracea (Açaí) Fruit Extract
Included in the source ingredient list. Glass treats this as part of the supporting formula unless it overlaps with a known active, preservative, or fragrance flag.
Usually helps with
Formula completeness and routine context
Watch for
Personal sensitivity, especially if your skin is reactive or the ingredient overlaps with other products in your routine