The base of the formulation, dissolving other ingredients.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Draws moisture to the skin, helping to keep it hydrated and soft.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Watch for
Can feel slightly sticky in high concentrations
Emollient
Coco-Caprylate/Caprate
A lightweight emollient that helps to soften and smooth the skin.
Usually helps with
All skin types
A skin-identical lipid that moisturizes and helps to restore the skin barrier.
Usually helps with
All skin types, especially dry and mature
A fatty acid ester that provides a smooth feel and helps with product spreadability.
Usually helps with
Dry skin
Watch for
Can be comedogenic for some
Emollient/Thickener
Cetearyl Alcohol
A fatty alcohol that moisturizes and thickens the formula, providing a creamy texture.
Usually helps with
Dry skin
Watch for
Can cause irritation in very sensitive individuals
Emollient
Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter Extract
Rich in fatty acids and vitamins, it deeply moisturizes and nourishes the skin.
Usually helps with
Dry and very dry skin
Watch for
Can be heavy for oily skin types
Antioxidant/Soothing
Vitis Vinifera (Grape) Fruit Water
Rich in polyphenols, it offers antioxidant protection and helps to soothe the skin.
Usually helps with
All skin types, especially sensitive
Emulsifier
Potassium Cetyl Phosphate
Helps to blend oil and water components in the formula.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Antioxidant
Palmitoyl Grape Seed Extract
A potent antioxidant derived from grape seeds, protecting skin from environmental damage.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Emulsifier
Cetearyl Wheat Straw Glycosides
A gentle emulsifier derived from wheat, helping to stabilize the formula.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Watch for
Contains wheat derivatives, may not be suitable for those with severe gluten sensitivities
Emulsifier
Cetearyl Glucoside
A plant-derived emulsifier that helps create a stable and pleasant texture.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Emollient/Thickener
Hydrogenated Castor Oil/Sebacic Acid Copolymer
Helps to create a smooth texture and can contribute to skin conditioning.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Emollient
Hydrogenated Olive Oil Stearyl Esters
Provides a rich, emollient feel to the skin.
Usually helps with
Dry skin
Used to thicken the product and improve its texture.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Watch for
Can sometimes cause a slight pilling effect if over-applied
Antioxidant/Skin Conditioning
Tocopheryl Acetate
A stable form of Vitamin E that provides antioxidant benefits and helps condition the skin.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Humectant/Preservative Booster
Caprylyl Glycol
Helps to hydrate the skin and can enhance the effectiveness of preservatives.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Preservative
Potassium Sorbate
A common preservative used to prevent microbial growth.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Watch for
Can be a mild irritant for some very sensitive individuals
Emollient/Antioxidant
Helianthus Annuus (Sunflower) Seed Oil
Rich in linoleic acid, it helps to support the skin barrier and provides antioxidant benefits.
Usually helps with
All skin types, especially dry
pH Adjuster
Sodium Hydroxide
Used to adjust the pH of the product to be compatible with skin.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Watch for
Can be irritating in high concentrations, but used in small amounts here
Vitamin E, a potent antioxidant that protects skin from free radical damage.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Antioxidant
Vitis Vinifera (Grape) Juice
Contains antioxidants from grapes that help protect the skin.
Usually helps with
All skin types
pH Adjuster/Exfoliant
Citric Acid
Used to adjust pH and can provide mild exfoliation at higher concentrations.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Watch for
Can cause irritation if pH is too low
Humectant
Sodium Hyaluronate
The salt form of hyaluronic acid, it effectively attracts and retains moisture in the skin.
Usually helps with
All skin types, especially dry and dehydrated
Preservative
Sodium Benzoate
A common preservative that prevents the growth of bacteria, yeast, and mold.
Usually helps with
All skin types
Watch for
Can be a mild irritant for some, especially when combined with Vitamin C
Fragrance
Parfum (Fragrance)
Adds a scent to the product.
Usually helps with
Those who enjoy fragranced products
Watch for
Can be a potential irritant or allergen for sensitive skin